日常維護(hù)
PLC的日常維護(hù)和保養(yǎng)比較簡單,主要是更換保險絲和鋰電池,
基本沒有其它易損元器件。由于存放用戶程序的隨機(jī)存儲器(RAM)
、計數(shù)器和具有保持功能的輔助繼電器等均用鋰電池保護(hù),鋰電池
的壽命大約為5年,當(dāng)鋰電池的電壓逐漸降低到一定程度時,PLC基
本單元上電池電壓跌落到指示燈亮,提示用戶注意有鋰電池所支持
的程序還可保留一周左右,必須更換電池,這是日常維護(hù)的主要內(nèi)
容。
調(diào)換鋰電池的步驟為:
■在拆裝前,應(yīng)先讓PLC通電15秒以上(這樣可使作為存儲器備
用電源的電容器充電,在鋰電池斷開后,該電容可對PLC做短暫供電
,以保護(hù)RAM 中的信息不丟失);
■斷開PLC的交流電源;
■打開基本單元的電池蓋板;
■取下舊電池,裝上新電池;
■蓋上電池蓋板。
注意更換電池時間要盡量短,一般不允許超過3分鐘。如果時間
過長,RAM中的程序?qū)⑾А?/div>
此外,應(yīng)注意更換保險絲時要采用指定型號的產(chǎn)品。
I/O模塊的更換
若需替換一個模塊,用戶應(yīng)確認(rèn)被安裝的模塊是同類型。有些
I/O系統(tǒng)允許帶電更換模塊,而有些則需切斷電源。若替換后可解決
問題,但在一相對較短時間后又發(fā)生故障,那么用戶應(yīng)檢查能產(chǎn)生
電壓的感性負(fù)載,也許需要從外部抑制其電流尖峰。如果保險絲在
更換后易被燒斷,則有可能是模塊的輸出電流超限,或輸出設(shè)備被
短路。
PLC的故障診斷是一個十分重要的問題,是保證PLC控制系統(tǒng)正
常、可靠運(yùn)行的關(guān)鍵。本文對常用的故障診斷方法進(jìn)行了探討。在
實(shí)際工作過程中,應(yīng)充分考慮到對PLC的各種不利因素,定期進(jìn)行檢
查和日常維護(hù),以保證PLC控制系統(tǒng)安全、可靠地運(yùn)行。
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