TPE與PVC相比,更耐高溫和低溫、有更好的彈性,近年來環(huán)保呼聲越來越高,所以在很多領(lǐng)域節(jié)能環(huán)保的熱塑性彈性體TPE開始取代PVC。
使用TPE可獲得的一連串優(yōu)勢:
- 可簡易加工熱塑性塑料
- 可縮短材料成型周期
- 減低生產(chǎn)耗能
- 熱穩(wěn)定度,提供較大的成型區(qū)域
- 可多料加工,從而節(jié)省組裝費用
- 可接合兩種材料 (軟硬接合)
- 材料可回收
- 多種著色可能,包括為了達到更多先進設(shè)計的色澤效果
乙烯類的TPE材料一般成為TPS。TPS又可細分為SEBS、SBS、SEPS 及 SEPS-V。凱柏膠寶主要生產(chǎn)的是SEBS(乙烯嵌段共聚物)材料。在這個材料中,乙烯尾段連接在一個彈性的區(qū)段(乙烯-丁烯),SEBS被使用在熱熔連接或為雙料注塑加工材料中軟性的成分。
類別:
聚合物依據(jù)他們網(wǎng)絡(luò)的結(jié)構(gòu)可分為四類:熱塑性塑料、彈性體、熱硬化性樹脂以及熱塑性彈性體(TPE)。熱塑性塑料的結(jié)構(gòu)是由分子間交互作用產(chǎn)生的微弱物理力支撐的單一面向聚合體鏈接組成。如果遇熱或遇剪切力,則變成自由流體,可以被塑。 冷卻后,材料會再度變硬。因為這個過程純屬物理反應(yīng),所以可以隨時重復(fù)(如:聚丙烯)。熱硬化性樹脂是緊密交聯(lián)的聚合物,遇高溫也不會融化,可依舊維持其網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)。在室溫下,這種材料硬且易碎(如:環(huán)氧樹脂)。而同時也被稱為橡膠的彈性體,為化學交聯(lián)具有彈性的結(jié)構(gòu),在硫化后不能被塑型,其大分子交聯(lián)且盤繞。這種材料能夠短暫地經(jīng)壓縮和壓力被塑型, 在壓力解除后立即恢復(fù)原有的組織(如:亞硝酸還原酶)。TPE包含熱塑性塑料尾段(聚乙烯)及一個彈性的中間段(乙烯-丁烯)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)使得此種材料能夠自由流動且可被塑。待材料冷卻后,物理交聯(lián)的作用形成;將彈性段嵌入固體的3D網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,TPE因此兼具彈性體及熱塑性塑料的屬性。
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